setcap:tldr:328e6

The command "setcap -n ${rootuid} '${cap_net_admin}' ${filename}" sets a capability on a specific file.

Here is a breakdown of the command:

• "setcap" is the command used to manipulate POSIX capabilities in Linux systems.
• "-n" is an option for the setcap command that allows users to define capabilities in human-readable format rather than numeric values.
• "${rootuid}" is a variable that represents the UID (User ID) of the root user. The root user typically has administrative privileges.
• "${cap_net_admin}" is a variable that represents the specific capability being set. In this case, it is the capability called "cap_net_admin," which grants the ability to perform various network-related administrative tasks.
• "${filename}" is a variable representing the name of the file on which the capability is being set.

Overall, this command is setting the capability "cap_net_admin" on the given file, allowing the user with UID equal to ${rootuid} to perform network administrative tasks on that file.