avrdude:tldr:a0b65

This command is used to upload a compiled program (in Intel Hex format) onto an AVR microcontroller using the avrdude tool.

Here's a breakdown of the different components of the command:

• avrdude: This is the executable file for the avrdude tool. It is a command-line software utility used for programming AVR microcontrollers.

• -p ${AVR_device}: This option specifies the AVR microcontroller model or device that you want to program. The ${AVR_device} is a placeholder for the actual device name, like atmega328p or attiny85. You need to replace ${AVR_device} with the appropriate value for your microcontroller.

• -c ${programmer}: This option specifies the programmer hardware or protocol to be used for programming the microcontroller. The ${programmer} is a placeholder for the actual programmer you are using, like arduino or usbtiny. You need to replace ${programmer} with the appropriate value for your programmer.

• -U flash:w:${file-hex}: This option specifies the operation to be performed on the memory of the microcontroller. -U indicates a memory operation, flash specifies the type of memory (program memory or flash memory in this case), w stands for "write", and ${file-hex} is a placeholder for the path to the Intel Hex file containing the compiled program you want to upload. You need to replace ${file-hex} with the actual path to your hex file.

In summary, this command uses avrdude to select the AVR microcontroller, specify the programmer, and then write the program from the specified Intel Hex file into the flash memory of the microcontroller.