tlmgr-update:tldr:4e16a

This command is used in Linux and macOS systems to update the TeX Live Manager (tlmgr) package manager, which is used for managing the TeX Live distribution of the LaTeX typesetting system. The command has the following components:

• sudo: This is a command used to run subsequent commands with administrative privileges. It allows the user to execute commands as the system's superuser (or another specified user).

• tlmgr: This is the command-line interface for the TeX Live Manager. It is used for installation, updating, and removal of TeX Live packages.

• update: This is a subcommand of tlmgr that instructs it to update packages. Running tlmgr update without --all will update only the TeX Live infrastructure packages.

• --all: This is an option that modifies the behavior of the update subcommand. Adding --all tells tlmgr to update all installed packages, not just the infrastructure packages.

Therefore, sudo tlmgr update --all is used to update all installed packages of the TeX Live distribution using the TeX Live Manager. The sudo command is included to ensure that the update process has the necessary administrative privileges.